1 | //===- CheckerDocumentation.cpp - Documentation checker ---------*- C++ -*-===// |
---|---|
2 | // |
3 | // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. |
4 | // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. |
5 | // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception |
6 | // |
7 | //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// |
8 | // |
9 | // This checker lists all the checker callbacks and provides documentation for |
10 | // checker writers. |
11 | // |
12 | //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// |
13 | |
14 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h" |
15 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h" |
16 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h" |
17 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h" |
18 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h" |
19 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramStateTrait.h" |
20 | |
21 | using namespace clang; |
22 | using namespace ento; |
23 | |
24 | // All checkers should be placed into anonymous namespace. |
25 | // We place the CheckerDocumentation inside ento namespace to make the |
26 | // it visible in doxygen. |
27 | namespace clang { |
28 | namespace ento { |
29 | |
30 | /// This checker documents the callback functions checkers can use to implement |
31 | /// the custom handling of the specific events during path exploration as well |
32 | /// as reporting bugs. Most of the callbacks are targeted at path-sensitive |
33 | /// checking. |
34 | /// |
35 | /// \sa CheckerContext |
36 | class CheckerDocumentation : public Checker< check::PreStmt<ReturnStmt>, |
37 | check::PostStmt<DeclStmt>, |
38 | check::PreObjCMessage, |
39 | check::PostObjCMessage, |
40 | check::ObjCMessageNil, |
41 | check::PreCall, |
42 | check::PostCall, |
43 | check::BranchCondition, |
44 | check::NewAllocator, |
45 | check::Location, |
46 | check::Bind, |
47 | check::DeadSymbols, |
48 | check::BeginFunction, |
49 | check::EndFunction, |
50 | check::EndAnalysis, |
51 | check::EndOfTranslationUnit, |
52 | eval::Call, |
53 | eval::Assume, |
54 | check::LiveSymbols, |
55 | check::RegionChanges, |
56 | check::PointerEscape, |
57 | check::ConstPointerEscape, |
58 | check::Event<ImplicitNullDerefEvent>, |
59 | check::ASTDecl<FunctionDecl> > { |
60 | public: |
61 | /// Pre-visit the Statement. |
62 | /// |
63 | /// The method will be called before the analyzer core processes the |
64 | /// statement. The notification is performed for every explored CFGElement, |
65 | /// which does not include the control flow statements such as IfStmt. The |
66 | /// callback can be specialized to be called with any subclass of Stmt. |
67 | /// |
68 | /// See checkBranchCondition() callback for performing custom processing of |
69 | /// the branching statements. |
70 | /// |
71 | /// check::PreStmt<ReturnStmt> |
72 | void checkPreStmt(const ReturnStmt *DS, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
73 | |
74 | /// Post-visit the Statement. |
75 | /// |
76 | /// The method will be called after the analyzer core processes the |
77 | /// statement. The notification is performed for every explored CFGElement, |
78 | /// which does not include the control flow statements such as IfStmt. The |
79 | /// callback can be specialized to be called with any subclass of Stmt. |
80 | /// |
81 | /// check::PostStmt<DeclStmt> |
82 | void checkPostStmt(const DeclStmt *DS, CheckerContext &C) const; |
83 | |
84 | /// Pre-visit the Objective C message. |
85 | /// |
86 | /// This will be called before the analyzer core processes the method call. |
87 | /// This is called for any action which produces an Objective-C message send, |
88 | /// including explicit message syntax and property access. |
89 | /// |
90 | /// check::PreObjCMessage |
91 | void checkPreObjCMessage(const ObjCMethodCall &M, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
92 | |
93 | /// Post-visit the Objective C message. |
94 | /// \sa checkPreObjCMessage() |
95 | /// |
96 | /// check::PostObjCMessage |
97 | void checkPostObjCMessage(const ObjCMethodCall &M, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
98 | |
99 | /// Visit an Objective-C message whose receiver is nil. |
100 | /// |
101 | /// This will be called when the analyzer core processes a method call whose |
102 | /// receiver is definitely nil. In this case, check{Pre/Post}ObjCMessage and |
103 | /// check{Pre/Post}Call will not be called. |
104 | /// |
105 | /// check::ObjCMessageNil |
106 | void checkObjCMessageNil(const ObjCMethodCall &M, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
107 | |
108 | /// Pre-visit an abstract "call" event. |
109 | /// |
110 | /// This is used for checkers that want to check arguments or attributed |
111 | /// behavior for functions and methods no matter how they are being invoked. |
112 | /// |
113 | /// Note that this includes ALL cross-body invocations, so if you want to |
114 | /// limit your checks to, say, function calls, you should test for that at the |
115 | /// beginning of your callback function. |
116 | /// |
117 | /// check::PreCall |
118 | void checkPreCall(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
119 | |
120 | /// Post-visit an abstract "call" event. |
121 | /// \sa checkPreObjCMessage() |
122 | /// |
123 | /// check::PostCall |
124 | void checkPostCall(const CallEvent &Call, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
125 | |
126 | /// Pre-visit of the condition statement of a branch (such as IfStmt). |
127 | void checkBranchCondition(const Stmt *Condition, CheckerContext &Ctx) const {} |
128 | |
129 | /// Post-visit the C++ operator new's allocation call. |
130 | /// |
131 | /// Execution of C++ operator new consists of the following phases: (1) call |
132 | /// default or overridden operator new() to allocate memory (2) cast the |
133 | /// return value of operator new() from void pointer type to class pointer |
134 | /// type, (3) assuming that the value is non-null, call the object's |
135 | /// constructor over this pointer, (4) declare that the value of the |
136 | /// new-expression is this pointer. This callback is called between steps |
137 | /// (2) and (3). Post-call for the allocator is called after step (1). |
138 | /// Pre-statement for the new-expression is called on step (4) when the value |
139 | /// of the expression is evaluated. |
140 | /// \param NE The C++ new-expression that triggered the allocation. |
141 | /// \param Target The allocated region, casted to the class type. |
142 | void checkNewAllocator(const CXXNewExpr *NE, SVal Target, |
143 | CheckerContext &) const {} |
144 | |
145 | /// Called on a load from and a store to a location. |
146 | /// |
147 | /// The method will be called each time a location (pointer) value is |
148 | /// accessed. |
149 | /// \param Loc The value of the location (pointer). |
150 | /// \param IsLoad The flag specifying if the location is a store or a load. |
151 | /// \param S The load is performed while processing the statement. |
152 | /// |
153 | /// check::Location |
154 | void checkLocation(SVal Loc, bool IsLoad, const Stmt *S, |
155 | CheckerContext &) const {} |
156 | |
157 | /// Called on binding of a value to a location. |
158 | /// |
159 | /// \param Loc The value of the location (pointer). |
160 | /// \param Val The value which will be stored at the location Loc. |
161 | /// \param S The bind is performed while processing the statement S. |
162 | /// |
163 | /// check::Bind |
164 | void checkBind(SVal Loc, SVal Val, const Stmt *S, CheckerContext &) const {} |
165 | |
166 | /// Called whenever a symbol becomes dead. |
167 | /// |
168 | /// This callback should be used by the checkers to aggressively clean |
169 | /// up/reduce the checker state, which is important for reducing the overall |
170 | /// memory usage. Specifically, if a checker keeps symbol specific information |
171 | /// in the state, it can and should be dropped after the symbol becomes dead. |
172 | /// In addition, reporting a bug as soon as the checker becomes dead leads to |
173 | /// more precise diagnostics. (For example, one should report that a malloced |
174 | /// variable is not freed right after it goes out of scope.) |
175 | /// |
176 | /// \param SR The SymbolReaper object can be queried to determine which |
177 | /// symbols are dead. |
178 | /// |
179 | /// check::DeadSymbols |
180 | void checkDeadSymbols(SymbolReaper &SR, CheckerContext &C) const {} |
181 | |
182 | |
183 | /// Called when the analyzer core starts analyzing a function, |
184 | /// regardless of whether it is analyzed at the top level or is inlined. |
185 | /// |
186 | /// check::BeginFunction |
187 | void checkBeginFunction(CheckerContext &Ctx) const {} |
188 | |
189 | /// Called when the analyzer core reaches the end of a |
190 | /// function being analyzed regardless of whether it is analyzed at the top |
191 | /// level or is inlined. |
192 | /// |
193 | /// check::EndFunction |
194 | void checkEndFunction(const ReturnStmt *RS, CheckerContext &Ctx) const {} |
195 | |
196 | /// Called after all the paths in the ExplodedGraph reach end of path |
197 | /// - the symbolic execution graph is fully explored. |
198 | /// |
199 | /// This callback should be used in cases when a checker needs to have a |
200 | /// global view of the information generated on all paths. For example, to |
201 | /// compare execution summary/result several paths. |
202 | /// See IdempotentOperationChecker for a usage example. |
203 | /// |
204 | /// check::EndAnalysis |
205 | void checkEndAnalysis(ExplodedGraph &G, |
206 | BugReporter &BR, |
207 | ExprEngine &Eng) const {} |
208 | |
209 | /// Called after analysis of a TranslationUnit is complete. |
210 | /// |
211 | /// check::EndOfTranslationUnit |
212 | void checkEndOfTranslationUnit(const TranslationUnitDecl *TU, |
213 | AnalysisManager &Mgr, |
214 | BugReporter &BR) const {} |
215 | |
216 | /// Evaluates function call. |
217 | /// |
218 | /// The analysis core treats all function calls in the same way. However, some |
219 | /// functions have special meaning, which should be reflected in the program |
220 | /// state. This callback allows a checker to provide domain specific knowledge |
221 | /// about the particular functions it knows about. |
222 | /// |
223 | /// \returns true if the call has been successfully evaluated |
224 | /// and false otherwise. Note, that only one checker can evaluate a call. If |
225 | /// more than one checker claims that they can evaluate the same call the |
226 | /// first one wins. |
227 | /// |
228 | /// eval::Call |
229 | bool evalCall(const CallExpr *CE, CheckerContext &C) const { return true; } |
230 | |
231 | /// Handles assumptions on symbolic values. |
232 | /// |
233 | /// This method is called when a symbolic expression is assumed to be true or |
234 | /// false. For example, the assumptions are performed when evaluating a |
235 | /// condition at a branch. The callback allows checkers track the assumptions |
236 | /// performed on the symbols of interest and change the state accordingly. |
237 | /// |
238 | /// eval::Assume |
239 | ProgramStateRef evalAssume(ProgramStateRef State, |
240 | SVal Cond, |
241 | bool Assumption) const { return State; } |
242 | |
243 | /// Allows modifying SymbolReaper object. For example, checkers can explicitly |
244 | /// register symbols of interest as live. These symbols will not be marked |
245 | /// dead and removed. |
246 | /// |
247 | /// check::LiveSymbols |
248 | void checkLiveSymbols(ProgramStateRef State, SymbolReaper &SR) const {} |
249 | |
250 | /// Called when the contents of one or more regions change. |
251 | /// |
252 | /// This can occur in many different ways: an explicit bind, a blanket |
253 | /// invalidation of the region contents, or by passing a region to a function |
254 | /// call whose behavior the analyzer cannot model perfectly. |
255 | /// |
256 | /// \param State The current program state. |
257 | /// \param Invalidated A set of all symbols potentially touched by the change. |
258 | /// \param ExplicitRegions The regions explicitly requested for invalidation. |
259 | /// For a function call, this would be the arguments. For a bind, this |
260 | /// would be the region being bound to. |
261 | /// \param Regions The transitive closure of regions accessible from, |
262 | /// \p ExplicitRegions, i.e. all regions that may have been touched |
263 | /// by this change. For a simple bind, this list will be the same as |
264 | /// \p ExplicitRegions, since a bind does not affect the contents of |
265 | /// anything accessible through the base region. |
266 | /// \param LCtx LocationContext that is useful for getting various contextual |
267 | /// info, like callstack, CFG etc. |
268 | /// \param Call The opaque call triggering this invalidation. Will be 0 if the |
269 | /// change was not triggered by a call. |
270 | /// |
271 | /// check::RegionChanges |
272 | ProgramStateRef |
273 | checkRegionChanges(ProgramStateRef State, |
274 | const InvalidatedSymbols *Invalidated, |
275 | ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> ExplicitRegions, |
276 | ArrayRef<const MemRegion *> Regions, |
277 | const LocationContext *LCtx, |
278 | const CallEvent *Call) const { |
279 | return State; |
280 | } |
281 | |
282 | /// Called when pointers escape. |
283 | /// |
284 | /// This notifies the checkers about pointer escape, which occurs whenever |
285 | /// the analyzer cannot track the symbol any more. For example, as a |
286 | /// result of assigning a pointer into a global or when it's passed to a |
287 | /// function call the analyzer cannot model. |
288 | /// |
289 | /// \param State The state at the point of escape. |
290 | /// \param Escaped The list of escaped symbols. |
291 | /// \param Call The corresponding CallEvent, if the symbols escape as |
292 | /// parameters to the given call. |
293 | /// \param Kind How the symbols have escaped. |
294 | /// \returns Checkers can modify the state by returning a new state. |
295 | ProgramStateRef checkPointerEscape(ProgramStateRef State, |
296 | const InvalidatedSymbols &Escaped, |
297 | const CallEvent *Call, |
298 | PointerEscapeKind Kind) const { |
299 | return State; |
300 | } |
301 | |
302 | /// Called when const pointers escape. |
303 | /// |
304 | /// Note: in most cases checkPointerEscape callback is sufficient. |
305 | /// \sa checkPointerEscape |
306 | ProgramStateRef checkConstPointerEscape(ProgramStateRef State, |
307 | const InvalidatedSymbols &Escaped, |
308 | const CallEvent *Call, |
309 | PointerEscapeKind Kind) const { |
310 | return State; |
311 | } |
312 | |
313 | /// check::Event<ImplicitNullDerefEvent> |
314 | void checkEvent(ImplicitNullDerefEvent Event) const {} |
315 | |
316 | /// Check every declaration in the AST. |
317 | /// |
318 | /// An AST traversal callback, which should only be used when the checker is |
319 | /// not path sensitive. It will be called for every Declaration in the AST and |
320 | /// can be specialized to only be called on subclasses of Decl, for example, |
321 | /// FunctionDecl. |
322 | /// |
323 | /// check::ASTDecl<FunctionDecl> |
324 | void checkASTDecl(const FunctionDecl *D, |
325 | AnalysisManager &Mgr, |
326 | BugReporter &BR) const {} |
327 | }; |
328 | |
329 | void CheckerDocumentation::checkPostStmt(const DeclStmt *DS, |
330 | CheckerContext &C) const { |
331 | } |
332 | |
333 | } // end namespace ento |
334 | } // end namespace clang |
335 |