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| 14 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/BuiltinCheckerRegistration.h" |
| 15 | #include "clang/AST/ExprObjC.h" |
| 16 | #include "clang/AST/ExprOpenMP.h" |
| 17 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugType.h" |
| 18 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h" |
| 19 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/CheckerManager.h" |
| 20 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h" |
| 21 | #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerHelpers.h" |
| 22 | #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h" |
| 23 | #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h" |
| 24 | |
| 25 | using namespace clang; |
| 26 | using namespace ento; |
| 27 | |
| 28 | namespace { |
| 29 | class DereferenceChecker |
| 30 | : public Checker< check::Location, |
| 31 | check::Bind, |
| 32 | EventDispatcher<ImplicitNullDerefEvent> > { |
| 33 | mutable std::unique_ptr<BuiltinBug> BT_null; |
| 34 | mutable std::unique_ptr<BuiltinBug> BT_undef; |
| 35 | |
| 36 | void reportBug(ProgramStateRef State, const Stmt *S, CheckerContext &C) const; |
| 37 | |
| 38 | public: |
| 39 | void checkLocation(SVal location, bool isLoad, const Stmt* S, |
| 40 | CheckerContext &C) const; |
| 41 | void checkBind(SVal L, SVal V, const Stmt *S, CheckerContext &C) const; |
| 42 | |
| 43 | static void AddDerefSource(raw_ostream &os, |
| 44 | SmallVectorImpl<SourceRange> &Ranges, |
| 45 | const Expr *Ex, const ProgramState *state, |
| 46 | const LocationContext *LCtx, |
| 47 | bool loadedFrom = false); |
| 48 | }; |
| 49 | } |
| 50 | |
| 51 | void |
| 52 | DereferenceChecker::AddDerefSource(raw_ostream &os, |
| 53 | SmallVectorImpl<SourceRange> &Ranges, |
| 54 | const Expr *Ex, |
| 55 | const ProgramState *state, |
| 56 | const LocationContext *LCtx, |
| 57 | bool loadedFrom) { |
| 58 | Ex = Ex->IgnoreParenLValueCasts(); |
| 59 | switch (Ex->getStmtClass()) { |
| 60 | default: |
| 61 | break; |
| 62 | case Stmt::DeclRefExprClass: { |
| 63 | const DeclRefExpr *DR = cast<DeclRefExpr>(Ex); |
| 64 | if (const VarDecl *VD = dyn_cast<VarDecl>(DR->getDecl())) { |
| 65 | os << " (" << (loadedFrom ? "loaded from" : "from") |
| 66 | << " variable '" << VD->getName() << "')"; |
| 67 | Ranges.push_back(DR->getSourceRange()); |
| 68 | } |
| 69 | break; |
| 70 | } |
| 71 | case Stmt::MemberExprClass: { |
| 72 | const MemberExpr *ME = cast<MemberExpr>(Ex); |
| 73 | os << " (" << (loadedFrom ? "loaded from" : "via") |
| 74 | << " field '" << ME->getMemberNameInfo() << "')"; |
| 75 | SourceLocation L = ME->getMemberLoc(); |
| 76 | Ranges.push_back(SourceRange(L, L)); |
| 77 | break; |
| 78 | } |
| 79 | case Stmt::ObjCIvarRefExprClass: { |
| 80 | const ObjCIvarRefExpr *IV = cast<ObjCIvarRefExpr>(Ex); |
| 81 | os << " (" << (loadedFrom ? "loaded from" : "via") |
| 82 | << " ivar '" << IV->getDecl()->getName() << "')"; |
| 83 | SourceLocation L = IV->getLocation(); |
| 84 | Ranges.push_back(SourceRange(L, L)); |
| 85 | break; |
| 86 | } |
| 87 | } |
| 88 | } |
| 89 | |
| 90 | static const Expr *getDereferenceExpr(const Stmt *S, bool IsBind=false){ |
| 91 | const Expr *E = nullptr; |
| 92 | |
| 93 | |
| 94 | |
| 95 | if (const Expr *expr = dyn_cast<Expr>(S)) |
| 96 | E = expr->IgnoreParenLValueCasts(); |
| 97 | |
| 98 | if (IsBind) { |
| 99 | const VarDecl *VD; |
| 100 | const Expr *Init; |
| 101 | std::tie(VD, Init) = parseAssignment(S); |
| 102 | if (VD && Init) |
| 103 | E = Init; |
| 104 | } |
| 105 | return E; |
| 106 | } |
| 107 | |
| 108 | static bool suppressReport(const Expr *E) { |
| 109 | |
| 110 | return E->getType().getQualifiers().hasAddressSpace(); |
| 111 | } |
| 112 | |
| 113 | static bool isDeclRefExprToReference(const Expr *E) { |
| 114 | if (const auto *DRE = dyn_cast<DeclRefExpr>(E)) |
| 115 | return DRE->getDecl()->getType()->isReferenceType(); |
| 116 | return false; |
| 117 | } |
| 118 | |
| 119 | void DereferenceChecker::reportBug(ProgramStateRef State, const Stmt *S, |
| 120 | CheckerContext &C) const { |
| 121 | |
| 122 | ExplodedNode *N = C.generateErrorNode(State); |
| 123 | if (!N) |
| 124 | return; |
| 125 | |
| 126 | |
| 127 | |
| 128 | if (!BT_null) |
| 129 | BT_null.reset(new BuiltinBug(this, "Dereference of null pointer")); |
| 130 | |
| 131 | SmallString<100> buf; |
| 132 | llvm::raw_svector_ostream os(buf); |
| 133 | |
| 134 | SmallVector<SourceRange, 2> Ranges; |
| 135 | |
| 136 | switch (S->getStmtClass()) { |
| 137 | case Stmt::ArraySubscriptExprClass: { |
| 138 | os << "Array access"; |
| 139 | const ArraySubscriptExpr *AE = cast<ArraySubscriptExpr>(S); |
| 140 | AddDerefSource(os, Ranges, AE->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts(), |
| 141 | State.get(), N->getLocationContext()); |
| 142 | os << " results in a null pointer dereference"; |
| 143 | break; |
| 144 | } |
| 145 | case Stmt::OMPArraySectionExprClass: { |
| 146 | os << "Array access"; |
| 147 | const OMPArraySectionExpr *AE = cast<OMPArraySectionExpr>(S); |
| 148 | AddDerefSource(os, Ranges, AE->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts(), |
| 149 | State.get(), N->getLocationContext()); |
| 150 | os << " results in a null pointer dereference"; |
| 151 | break; |
| 152 | } |
| 153 | case Stmt::UnaryOperatorClass: { |
| 154 | os << "Dereference of null pointer"; |
| 155 | const UnaryOperator *U = cast<UnaryOperator>(S); |
| 156 | AddDerefSource(os, Ranges, U->getSubExpr()->IgnoreParens(), |
| 157 | State.get(), N->getLocationContext(), true); |
| 158 | break; |
| 159 | } |
| 160 | case Stmt::MemberExprClass: { |
| 161 | const MemberExpr *M = cast<MemberExpr>(S); |
| 162 | if (M->isArrow() || isDeclRefExprToReference(M->getBase())) { |
| 163 | os << "Access to field '" << M->getMemberNameInfo() |
| 164 | << "' results in a dereference of a null pointer"; |
| 165 | AddDerefSource(os, Ranges, M->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts(), |
| 166 | State.get(), N->getLocationContext(), true); |
| 167 | } |
| 168 | break; |
| 169 | } |
| 170 | case Stmt::ObjCIvarRefExprClass: { |
| 171 | const ObjCIvarRefExpr *IV = cast<ObjCIvarRefExpr>(S); |
| 172 | os << "Access to instance variable '" << *IV->getDecl() |
| 173 | << "' results in a dereference of a null pointer"; |
| 174 | AddDerefSource(os, Ranges, IV->getBase()->IgnoreParenCasts(), |
| 175 | State.get(), N->getLocationContext(), true); |
| 176 | break; |
| 177 | } |
| 178 | default: |
| 179 | break; |
| 180 | } |
| 181 | |
| 182 | auto report = llvm::make_unique<BugReport>( |
| 183 | *BT_null, buf.empty() ? BT_null->getDescription() : StringRef(buf), N); |
| 184 | |
| 185 | bugreporter::trackExpressionValue(N, bugreporter::getDerefExpr(S), *report); |
| 186 | |
| 187 | for (SmallVectorImpl<SourceRange>::iterator |
| 188 | I = Ranges.begin(), E = Ranges.end(); I!=E; ++I) |
| 189 | report->addRange(*I); |
| 190 | |
| 191 | C.emitReport(std::move(report)); |
| 192 | } |
| 193 | |
| 194 | void DereferenceChecker::checkLocation(SVal l, bool isLoad, const Stmt* S, |
| 195 | CheckerContext &C) const { |
| 196 | |
| 197 | if (l.isUndef()) { |
| 198 | if (ExplodedNode *N = C.generateErrorNode()) { |
| 199 | if (!BT_undef) |
| 200 | BT_undef.reset( |
| 201 | new BuiltinBug(this, "Dereference of undefined pointer value")); |
| 202 | |
| 203 | auto report = |
| 204 | llvm::make_unique<BugReport>(*BT_undef, BT_undef->getDescription(), N); |
| 205 | bugreporter::trackExpressionValue(N, bugreporter::getDerefExpr(S), *report); |
| 206 | C.emitReport(std::move(report)); |
| 207 | } |
| 208 | return; |
| 209 | } |
| 210 | |
| 211 | DefinedOrUnknownSVal location = l.castAs<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>(); |
| 212 | |
| 213 | |
| 214 | if (!location.getAs<Loc>()) |
| 215 | return; |
| 216 | |
| 217 | ProgramStateRef state = C.getState(); |
| 218 | |
| 219 | ProgramStateRef notNullState, nullState; |
| 220 | std::tie(notNullState, nullState) = state->assume(location); |
| 221 | |
| 222 | |
| 223 | if (nullState) { |
| 224 | if (!notNullState) { |
| 225 | const Expr *expr = getDereferenceExpr(S); |
| 226 | if (!suppressReport(expr)) { |
| 227 | reportBug(nullState, expr, C); |
| 228 | return; |
| 229 | } |
| 230 | } |
| 231 | |
| 232 | |
| 233 | |
| 234 | |
| 235 | if (ExplodedNode *N = C.generateSink(nullState, C.getPredecessor())) { |
| 236 | ImplicitNullDerefEvent event = {l, isLoad, N, &C.getBugReporter(), |
| 237 | }; |
| 238 | dispatchEvent(event); |
| 239 | } |
| 240 | } |
| 241 | |
| 242 | |
| 243 | C.addTransition(notNullState); |
| 244 | } |
| 245 | |
| 246 | void DereferenceChecker::checkBind(SVal L, SVal V, const Stmt *S, |
| 247 | CheckerContext &C) const { |
| 248 | |
| 249 | if (V.isUndef()) |
| 250 | return; |
| 251 | |
| 252 | const MemRegion *MR = L.getAsRegion(); |
| 253 | const TypedValueRegion *TVR = dyn_cast_or_null<TypedValueRegion>(MR); |
| 254 | if (!TVR) |
| 255 | return; |
| 256 | |
| 257 | if (!TVR->getValueType()->isReferenceType()) |
| 258 | return; |
| 259 | |
| 260 | ProgramStateRef State = C.getState(); |
| 261 | |
| 262 | ProgramStateRef StNonNull, StNull; |
| 263 | std::tie(StNonNull, StNull) = State->assume(V.castAs<DefinedOrUnknownSVal>()); |
| 264 | |
| 265 | if (StNull) { |
| 266 | if (!StNonNull) { |
| 267 | const Expr *expr = getDereferenceExpr(S, ); |
| 268 | if (!suppressReport(expr)) { |
| 269 | reportBug(StNull, expr, C); |
| 270 | return; |
| 271 | } |
| 272 | } |
| 273 | |
| 274 | |
| 275 | |
| 276 | if (ExplodedNode *N = C.generateSink(StNull, C.getPredecessor())) { |
| 277 | ImplicitNullDerefEvent event = {V, , N, |
| 278 | &C.getBugReporter(), |
| 279 | }; |
| 280 | dispatchEvent(event); |
| 281 | } |
| 282 | } |
| 283 | |
| 284 | |
| 285 | |
| 286 | |
| 287 | |
| 288 | |
| 289 | |
| 290 | |
| 291 | |
| 292 | |
| 293 | |
| 294 | |
| 295 | |
| 296 | |
| 297 | |
| 298 | |
| 299 | |
| 300 | C.addTransition(State, this); |
| 301 | } |
| 302 | |
| 303 | void ento::registerDereferenceChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) { |
| 304 | mgr.registerChecker<DereferenceChecker>(); |
| 305 | } |
| 306 | |
| 307 | bool ento::shouldRegisterDereferenceChecker(const LangOptions &LO) { |
| 308 | return true; |
| 309 | } |
| 310 | |